2016年考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（高分版）TEXT16

2016年考研英语阅读理解精读100篇（高分版）TEXT16,标签：考研英语真题,考研英语真题下载,考研英语历年真题,http://www.duoxue8.com

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　　The animal dissection requirement of biology classes has been getting under the skin of students for generations, and there have always been some who asked to be excused from the requirement. Now, a growing number of technological alternatives are making it possible for students to swap that scalpel for a computer mouse. There are laws in nearly a dozen states-including California, Florida, New Jersey, and New York-protecting a student’s choice to learn about animal anatomy sans scalpel. Some students choosing to opt out feel we should be kinder to our web-footed friends. Others are just queasy at the thought of rubbery frog bodies and the smell of formaldehyde.
　　"Dissection is icky. There’s a yuck factor," admits Brian Shmaefsky, a board member with the National Association of Biology Teachers. "And a teacher has to weigh the benefits with the cost of students being offended to the point that it interferes with learning."
　　Virtual blades. So for cases in which a real dissection would be too slimy, it’s time to try some toad tech. While the first computer-based alternatives to dissection emerged in the 1980s, modern frog dissection software can be found at different websites. These software programs use creative clicking, high-powered zoom functions, and video clips to teach anatomy. Froguts software, for example, lets students trace incision lines with a computer mouse and snip through skin with a virtual blade. There are even sound effects like a "slish" for slicing frog flesh, or a "shwoosh" for pinning down skin flaps. (Schools currently pay about $300 for a one-year software license, though some organizations will lend programs out free of charge.)
　　Earlier this year, a graduate student from Simon Fraser University in Vancouver designed the first-ever haptic (the Greek word for "touch") frog dissection program, which uses a penlike tool to create a sensation similar to cutting into real flesh. The hand-held device connects to a computer, and students move the device through the air while watching the results of their actions on a computer screen.
　　With Digital Frog-a popular program that’s had approximately 1,500 frog demo downloads since January and is currently in use in 2,000 schools-students can add or subtract those amphibious organs with a mere mouse click. They can then assess their learning with sporadic frog anatomy quizzes.
　　"Repetition is helpful. The fact that a student can review sections of a program over and over again is important," says Martin Stephens, vice president for animal research issues at the Humane Society of the United States. "In dissections, the animal’s organs are all shriveled and discolored. You look for things and can’t find them because body parts have changed drastically since the animal was killed. But on a computer screen, layers can be digitally peeled away." Other experts think the dissection technology has its limits. Gerry Wheeler, executive director of the National Science Teachers Association, says that artificial simulations don’t give as enriching an experience as the real thing. Still others worry the programs are depriving kids of experiential learning.
　　1. The word "swap" (Line 3, Paragraph ) most probably means_____.
　　[A] exchange
　　[B] throw away
　　[C] reject
　　[D] refuse
　　2. Some students ask to be excused from the requirement of biology classes because of the following reason except that_____.
　　[A] dissection consists of disgusting procedures and unpleasant smells.
　　[B] they are entitled to reject dissection requirement given the legal regulation
　　[C] they are offended when fulfilling the requirements of animal dissection
　　[D] they insist that people should treat animals more as friends instead of simply objects
　　3．Brian Shmaefsky’s statement implies that_____.
　　[A] he indeed supports the students’ animal protection movement
　　[B] he thinks the animal dissection should be banned
　　[C] he thinks the animal dissection may not be good for students to learn biology effectively
　　[D] he always evaluate the teaching effect by weighing reluctant factors of cost and effect
　　4．Compared with the real dissection, the dissection on computer has the following advantages except_____.
　　[A] It has authentic sound effect like a "slish" or "shwoosh" .
　　[B] there is a sensation of always dealing with fresh and recognizable organs.
　　[C] The process can be repeated so that students can gather better insight of the animal structure.
　　[D] Students can take quizzes with the software to evaluate the learning effect
　　5.The author’s attitude towards the toad tech can be said to be_____.
　　[A] supportive
　　[B] doubtful
　　[C] objective
　　[D] biased
　　文章剖析：
　　这篇文章介绍了一种可以替代生物课解剖的电脑程序。第一段讲述传统解剖的弊端，引出解剖科技替代品；第二段是一位委员对传统解剖的看法；第三段讲述电脑解剖的效果；第四段、第五段介绍了两个电脑解剖程序；第六段讲述电脑解剖的优点和局限性。
　　词汇注释：
　　dissection n. 解剖
　　swap v. 交换
　　scalpel n. 解剖刀
　　queasy adj. 不安的，易恶心的
　　formaldehyde n. 甲醛
　　incision n. 切割，切口

　icky   adj.粘得讨厌的
　　yuck n. 讨厌
　　slimy adj. 粘糊糊的
　　toad n. 蟾蜍，癞蛤蟆
　　haptic adj.触觉的
　　demo n. 示范样品
　　amphibious adj. 两栖的
　　sporadic adj. 零星的，时有时无的
　　shrivel v.(使)起皱纹, (使)枯萎, (使)束手无策

难句突破：
　　(1) Earlier this year, a graduate student from Simon Fraser University in Vancouver designed the first-ever haptic (the Greek word for "touch") frog dissection program, which uses a penlike tool to create a sensation similar to cutting into real flesh.
　　[主体句式] A graduate designed the program.
　　[结构分析] 这是一个简单句，earlier this year是做整个句子的状语，后面which 引导的菲限定性定语从句是用来修饰program的。
　　[句子译文] 在今年年初，温哥华西蒙·弗雷泽大学一位研究生设计出了第一个haptic（希腊词为"触觉"）青蛙解剖程序。这个程序用一种类似笔的工具创造出一种类似于切割真正皮肉的感觉。
　　(2) With Digital Frog-a popular program that’s had approximately 1,500 frog demo downloads since January and is currently in use in 2,000 schools-students can add or subtract those amphibious organs with a mere mouse click.
　　[主体句式] Students can add or subtract...
　　[结构分析] 这是一个简单句，前面with Digital Frog是方式状语，破折号之间的是用来解释Digital Frog的，可以看作是同位语；破折号之间的这个成分中，that 引导的定语从句修饰program，这个从句是由两个并列的句子构成的，以and连接。
　　[句子译文] "电子青蛙"是一种很受欢迎的程序，自一月份以来有大约1500个青蛙示范样品下载，现在用于20xx所学校。学生们只需用鼠标点击就可以加上或切除两栖器官。
　　题目分析：
　　1. The word "swap" (Line 3, Paragraph 1 ) most probably means_____.1. "swap" (第一段第三行)最有可能的意思是_____。
　　[A] exchange[A] 交换
　　[B] throw away[B] 抛弃
　　[C] reject[C] 丢弃
　　[D] refuse[D] 拒绝
　　[答案]A
　　[难度系数] ☆☆

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